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May 10, 2019
Spring Is Here, Invasive Species are Starting to Sprout
By Karen Gradel
Spring is here, the air is warming up, the birds are chirping and the plants are starting to sprout. But not all the plants emerging along the trail are a good sight. We have invasive plants along our section of the Appalachian Trail.
So what exactly is an invasive species? Not every plant that is introduced to a new region is invasive. Orange and Banana trees are not native to the US but after being brought here they are not invasive. According to Executive Order 13112 in 1999 a species is considered to be invasive if it meets two criteria: (1) it is nonnative to the ecosystem under consideration, and (2) its introduction causes, or is likely to cause, economic or environmental harm or harm to human health.
AHC has been concentrating mainly on two invasive species, Garlic Mustard and Japanese Stilt Grass during it’s Trail Maintenance. Both choke out local species and can create dense populations in as short 5 year period. They can eliminate the rare plants living in our section of the trail, such as the Pink Lady Slipper that can been found in Spring along the trail near Fort Franklin Road. Garlic Mustard also impacts the West Virginia White Butterfly. The butterfly mistakes Garlic Mustard for it’s host plant and the offspring laid on it don’t survive. Removing the plants at the right time is also important because both Japanese Stilt Grass and Garlic Mustard seeds can remain viable in the ground for five or more years.
Garlic Mustard (left), Japanese Stilt Grass (right)
We have two maintenance hikes scheduled this quarter. One on April 13th at Lock 2 and the other on May 19th on the AT, where we will be continuing our battle with Garlic Mustard and other invasives. Don’t forget to take some Garlic Mustard home with you, because it’s edible. Check out this recipe for Garlic Mustard Pesto:
Garlic Mustard Pesto
Tip: Garlic Mustard is different from other greens in that the more mature plant leaves are less bitter than the young leaves, so try to use leaves from 2nd year plants of this Biennial.

Ingredients:
11 cups lightly packed garlic mustard leaves and tips, loosely chopped
1/4 cup pine nuts
1 garlic clove
1/3 cup grated parmesan cheese
1 cup extra virgin olive oil
1/2 teaspoon salt
1/2 teaspoon sugar
2 squeezes lemon juice

Directions:
In a blender, grind the garlic, pine nuts and parmesan. Add the garlic mustard. While blending, pour in a steady stream of the olive oil for 1 minutes, or until smooth. Add salt, sugar, lemon juice and pulse until mixed.
Also don’t forget to check out the revised AHC website. There’s easier navigation to documents. The calendar is improved with more functions and a quicker way to view past hikes. Thanks to Web Master Hal Wright for all the work he’s done updating our website to make it more functional and easier to explore all of our upcoming events.
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